PEG-12
PEG-12 is a synthetic polyethylene glycol, identified on an ingredient list by the PEG abbreviation. The number 12 means that its chains contain an average of twelve ethylene oxide units. It therefore describes an average composition rather than one single molecule with an identical, fixed size.
PEG-12: what it is
PEG-12 is a synthetic polyethylene glycol, identified on an ingredient list by the PEG abbreviation. The number 12 means that its chains contain an average of twelve ethylene oxide units. It therefore describes an average composition rather than one single molecule with an identical, fixed size.
This group of substances is made from ethylene glycol or ethylene oxide. Among PEGs, the number after the abbreviation distinguishes chains with different average numbers of repeating units. That difference can affect properties such as solubility, moisture affinity and consistency, which is why individual PEG grades can serve different formulation needs.
PEG-12: what it does in cosmetics
In cosmetics, PEG-12 works as a solvent and humectant. As a solvent, it can help dissolve and distribute components that need to remain evenly incorporated, such as certain active ingredients, fragrance materials or colourants. As a humectant, it helps retain water in the product itself, which can support a more even texture during use.
Those functions help explain why PEGs appear in products such as lotions, toners and hair preparations, where the mixture needs to stay uniform and spread easily. They do not, on their own, mean that PEG-12 treats dry skin or produces a clinical skin result; its main contribution is to the properties of the formula containing it.
PEG-12: conditions and care
A toxicological review of PEGs used in cosmetics recommends that PEGs and their derivatives not be applied to damaged skin. This is a condition-of-use precaution and does not replace professional guidance for a skin injury.
Products containing this ingredient
See which products include it and the name used in each composition.
